Surveying excursions, rounds on Vinnitsa.

A picturesque Podolia town is located on the banks of the Yuznuj Bug River. Its history goes back to the remote past. The first written record of Vinnitsa dates to the middle of the XIV century. A lot of sufferings to the people were caused by Tatar intrusions and wars within the Lithuanian Princedom, the town took part in the Liberation War in 1648-1654, and it was the center of Podolia Province. The Provisional Government of Ukrainian national Republic- the Central Rada was situated in Vinnitsa. Heavy casualties were caused by the repressions of the 30th. During the Great Patriotic War Vinnitsa residents resisted the intruders with courage, the occupation regime in the town was marked by peculiar cruelty as the Hitler’s headquarters «Werwolf» were situated near the town.

A lot of places of interest and architectural monuments are situated in Vinnitsa. The museum of local lore has exhibits telling about the history of the town and the region. The art museum constantly pleases its visitors with new exhibitions.

Unique and perhaps the most ancient place of interest of the town can be called «The Myrs’- the remains of medieval complex of defense constructions for the Jesuit and Dominican monasteries. The buildings of the collegium were surrounded by a huge wall, called («myru») with towers and loopholes. Wooden masterpieces of the beginning of the XVIII century –the churches of Nikolaj (1726) and Yurij (1726), the complex of monastery buildings of the ХVII-XVIII centuries, unique constructions of the ХVІ-ХІХ centuries, preserved till nowadays, will impress any tourist.

There are a lot of places of interest, connected with the heroic struggle of our people with the fascism: in Ostrovskogo Street, in the house № 29 the headquarters of a secret organization were located, secret printing-house was located in Leningradskij Street, 17. An eternal fire, a symbol of memory and respect for the perished defendants always burns in the memorial complex of glory, in Kozitskogo Street.

In a small pinewood on the motorway Vinnitsa-Kiev during the years of the Great Patriotic War Hitler’s headquarters «Werwolf» were built. The construction lasted 6 months. Prisoners of war were used as workers. After finishing of the construction all of them were killed. On the place of cruel violence a monument to 14 thousand unknown victims was built.

The main part of the project was situated 7 stores under the ground. Only security barns, loghouse of the Fuhrer, a summer swimming pool were located on the surface. Special railroad was constructed from the headquarters, security of the object was provided by a part of the division «Adolph Hitler» and 2 regiments of fighters. Mining and traps, the strict regime control served to the preservation of the secrecy. When the German retreated they set on fire all the buildings and mined the entrances to the underground part.

Vinnitsa is rich in literary and art traditions. In the town on the Bug River a writer M.M. Kozybinskij was born and spent here a part of his life. His small house has been turned into a literary- memorial museum. The exposition of the museum, located in 5 halls tells about the life and creative activity of the famous writer. In the garden around the museum the trees, planted by the grandfather of the writer are growing. On a picturesque bank of the Bug River, near Sabarov a large stone, called «The Kozybinskij rock» stands. Here an outstanding writer created his early works.

Vinnitsa honours the memory of scientist, surgeon, pedagogue N.I.Pirogov. In the estate near Vinnitsa, where the famous doctor spent the last 20 years of his life, his memorial estate is situated. The exposition of the museum is located in 10 halls and the chemist’s. Writings, printed scientific works of the famous surgeon, surgeon instruments, and personal belongings tell about the life of the scientist. The trees, planted by Pirogov himself grow around the estate. In 1,5 km far from the estate in the mausoleums the embalmed body of the famous surgeon rests for 125 years.

There are many public museums in the educational establishments and enterprises. One of them is «My land- Podollie», founded by the employees of the regional management of home affairs. The expositions of the museum tell about our region and the town from ancient times and till nowadays.

Vinnitsa (a tour of the city)